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J. T. DAWSON.

Churn.

Patefited April 9, 1867.

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JOHN T. DAWSON, O F FROSTBURG, MARYLAND. Letters Patent No. 63,708, dated April 9, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GHURNS.

dlgrgrlgnntenfsnn in in time itcttcrs pan inn marking p nt u flge, taut TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CON OER Be it known'that I, JOHN T. DAWSOX, of Frostburg, in Allegheny county, and State of Maryland, have invent ed a new and useful Improvement in Churnsj and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, through letters of reference marked thereon, forming part of this specification, in which-- Figure 1 represents a-vertical section of my churn, all the interior and operating parts being in elevation. Figure 2 is a horizontal section of the same, taken on the line 90 a: offig. 1. The same letters appearing on both figures indicate corresponding parts.

My invention consists in a novel and peculiar conformation of the revolving dasher in combination with a square or rectangular tub or box, whereby an upward and inward motion is given to the cream, causingeonsidcrable agitation with comparatively little labor; also, in combination with such devices, of a dish or pan supported above the dasher in which the butter as it is formed is collected and separated from the buttermilk.

To enable others to make and use' my inventioiul will proceed to describe it by referring to the drawing, in which i i A represents the vessel in which the cream to be chnrned is deposited, and which I make preferably of rectangular form, as inthat form no ribs or vanes are necessary to cause the deflection of the fluid towards the centre of the vessel. This ofirect may, however, be produced by constructing a round vessel with vertical ribs, vanes, or corrugations, but all irregularities in the interior of such vessels render it more difiicult to keep them clean, hence the preference is given to the rectangular vessel. In the centre of this vesselis arranged a vertical shaft, 13, fitted to revolve in a step, c, in the centre of the bottom of the vessel A. To the lower end of this shaft is attached the dasher D, which revolves with saidshaft, and will be further described hereinafter. Above the dasher is a pan or dish, E, supported on an adjustable collar, G, on the shaft, the whole being enclosed with a seven H. Above the cover, attached to. a portion thereof, is adapted aframe, I, which supports a bevelwhcel,

J, and pinion K, for rotating the dasher shaft 13, which are operated by means of a hand-crank, L, or in any. other suitable manner. The pinion K is provided with a square extension, a, of its axis or shaft, which fits loosely into a corresponding mortise in the upper end of the shaft B, so that whenit is desired to open or uncover the churn, the gearing will lift off without having to withdraw any. keys or screws. The dasher D consists'of four blades, more or less, which are of what is commonly known as the double ogee form. The concave or advance side in the'course of its rotation is bevelled off upwardly in its central portion, gradually assuming a vertical face towards its extremity and its junction with the axis or shaft B, asmore'clearly represented in red lines in fig. 2. The action of this dasher in its rotation is evident will be to lift the cream and throw it against the sides of the vessel, which, being angular, will deflect it upwards and towards the centre intothe pan E, which being provided with a number of holes, e, will allow it to pass downward to be again agitated in like manner, and as the butter is formed it will all be thrown up and lodged in said pan, leaving nothing to obstruct the action of the dasher on the unchanged cream and buttermilk, which is thus effectually caused to yield the last particle ofbutter possible to be obtained from it.

' In operating this churn, the pan E should be. so arranged that the upper edge of its rim should be about level with the top of the cream in the vessel A, which may be regulated by raising or lowering the collar G on the shaft B, which latter is provided with a series of holes, one above another, for the insertion of the pin a, which supports said collar. This collar G is made semicircular in its cross-section on the upper side, so as to present as small a friction surface as possible to the under side of the pan, which will, when first started, and the cream is perfectly fluid, rotate with the axis around which itis supported, but as soon as the butter begins to form, and it becomes more and more loaded therewith, it will gradually cease to move,,until the shaft B will rotate within, leaving it stationary or nearly so.

i Having thus described my invention, what I claim as'new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. The revolving dasher D, constructed substantially as described, and operatingi n combination with the rectangular vessel or its equivalent essentially as set forth.

2. The pan E, arranged and operating in combination with the dasher D, substantially as specified. Intestimoriy whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 14th day of February, 1867.

JOHN T. DAWSON.

Witnesses:

Srbunr E. SMITH, W. Monnrs SMrrm 

